37 / 140
/ 35
Calciner
Challenges
Tahir Abbas and
Michalis Akritopoulos,
Cinar Ltd,
discuss the
challenges of substituting 100%
alternative fuels in various
types of calciners.
Introduction
The cement industry worldwide has over 50 years
of experience of burning alternative fuels (AF),
initially in wet/dry kilns. Currently, several modern
plants (four to six stages) are regularly firing 100%
AF in their calciners. However, thermal substitution
rate (TSR) by itself is a restricted performance
measure. The emphasis should rather be placed on